[TED演讲] 你最大的动力来自哪里？

斯科特·盖勒（Scott Geller）是弗吉尼亚理工学院的特聘教授，也是美国心理协会成员。斯科特主要围绕“自我激励的心理”来讲如何拥有找寻人生的动力？他还说，只要回答3个问题，学会4个关键词，你就会看清到底是什么在左右你的情绪，找到工作和学习的动力所在。

词汇注释

演讲部分摘录（中英对照）

Question number one: Can you do it?Albert Bandura calls itself self-efficacy. Do you believe you can do it? Do you have the time, the knowledge and the training to do what we're asking you to do? If he answers yes, good.

第一个问题：你能做到吗？艾伯特·班杜拉（Albert Bandura）把这称作“自我效能”，你相信你能做到吗？你有时间、知识和足够的训练做到我们要求你做的事吗？如果答案是肯定的，非常好。

Second question: Will it work? Do you believe that we’re asking you to do the process will work? Albert Bandura calls that response efficacy — believing that the behavior will lead the ultimate outcome. By the way, that takes education, right? We have to show them the data. We might show them some theory. We show them, teach them, why this might work. 

第二个问题：这件事行得通吗？你相信我们要求你去做的事情和那些流程行得通吗？艾伯特·班杜拉称之“回应效能”，即相信自己做的事可达到最终成效。顺带一提，这需要教育。我们必须给他们数据，可能还需要告诉他们一些理论，让他们知道，并教导他们为什么这件事可能会有用。

Third question. Is it worth it? So we’ve had a training question. We’ve had an educational question. This is the motivational question. Do you believe the consequences? This is about consequences. B.F. Skinner taught us this: selection by consequences. Dale Carnegie quoted B.F. Skinner and said from the day you were born, everything you did was because you wanted something for doing it. Consequences. Is it worth it?

第三个问题是：这件事值得做吗？我们已经讨论过训练问题和教育问题，这是个关乎动机的问题。你是否相信结果？这件事和结果息息相关。心理学大师B.F. 斯金纳（Skinner）告诉我们：“人因结果而选择”，戴尔·卡耐基还引用了斯金纳的言论，他说从每个人出生的那天起，你所做的每件事都是因为你想从中获得些什么。结果，它到底值不值得？

So you have to convince people that it’s worth it. By the way if you answer yes to those three questions, you feel competent. Am I right? You feel competent at doing worthwhile work. You’ve all been there. When you feel competent at doing worthwhile work, you’re more likely to be self-motivated.

所以你必须说服人们这件事值得做。接下来，顺道一提，如果你对三个问题的答案都是肯定的，那么你会很有竞争力。我说的对吧？你在做有价值的工作时富有竞争力。你们一定都经历过吧。当你在做有价值的工作时富有竞争力时，你自身会充满动力。

Okay. I got one more – that’s a C word. Choice. Your common sense will tell you. When you believe you have a sense of autonomy, a sense of choice in what you’re doing, you’ll feel more self motivated. 

好，现在我有另一个C开头的词：选择。你的常识会告诉你，当你认为你拥有自主权时，会觉得正在做的事情都是自己的选择，你的动力会比以往更足。

I've got a fourth C word: Community. Powerful word. Psychologists know that social support is critical. People who perceive a sense of relatedness, a sense of connection with other people, they feel motivated and they are happier.

我还有第四个C开头的词：社群。非常有力的一个词。心理学家知道社群支持非常重要，因为这会让人民感受到一种“关联感”，感受到和他人有所联系，这样会让他们更加有动力，更加快乐。

There's a lesson there. We can always learn from each other. We need to have the humility to accept feedback and the courage to speak up. And we need to help each other, feels self-motivated. How? Given the perception of Competence. Teach them about consequences drive us, you know let them perceive choice and let them know it's community. We’re all in this together. And we need each other. Thank you.

我还学到一课。我们永远可以从彼此身上学到东西，我们必须以谦逊的态度接受回馈，我们必须有发声的勇气。我们需要帮助彼此获得动力。怎么做？让他们知道自己富有竞争力。告诉他们结果驱动着我们前进，让他们自己感受选择，让他们知道和周围人处于同一群体当中。我们患难与共，我们都需要彼此。

会出一期注释版，敬请期待！

往期推荐

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